Independent Newspapers v. Ireland: €1.25 million defamation award against newspaper violated Article 10 - Legal Resources

High damages for defamation have a “chilling effect" on freedom of expression, thus require the “most careful scrutiny” and “very strong justification”. A ECtHR landmark judgment against against abuse of defamation law

State secrets: Screen for Corruption in Montenegro - Reports

Amendments to the Law on Free Access to Information, adopted by the Montenegrin Parliament in May 2017, enable institutions to conceal information. Local NGO MANS denounces that the procedure is contrary to Constitution and European directives

Centre for Freedom of the Media - Stakeholders

The Centre for Freedom of the Media (CFOM) is a research and advocacy centre based at the Department of Journalism Studies of the University of Sheffield. It focuses on media freedom issues worldwide employing a variety of perspectives and tools. Besides traditional academic and educational activities, the Centre is active in the information and advocacy field, monitoring the state of media freedom and sharing best practice and resources for journalists. It seeks to counter threats to journalism safety and freedom in many different countries, and it promotes positive changes to laws, policy and practice concerning them.

Soft censorship as a threat to journalism in Montenegro - HTML5 video

Daliborka Uljarevic, Executive Director of Center for Civic Education (CGO), speaks for SEE Media Observatory about the media and soft censorship in Montenegro. In Montenegro, soft censorship is exercised primarily through politicised, discretionary and non-transparent distribution of public money and subsidies to media

Spain’s Transparency Lottery - Legal Resources

The difficulties for access to information and transparency in Spain. A first instance court ruled in favour of the human rights organization Access Info Europe, with regard to the disclosure of documents about Spain's progress on open government

Mass Media Defence Centre - Stakeholders

The Mass Media Defence Centre is an NGO working in the field of media rights protection and the promotion of freedom of expression standards in Russia. Its primary purpose is to protect the rights of media outlets and provides practical support for journalists.

The MMDC is part of the Media Legal Defence Initiative network. The MMDC Director Galina Arapova is a member of the European Centre for Press and Media Freedom (ECPMF). 

Special report on the status and cases of threats against journalists in Bosnia and Herzegovina - Reports

A report by the Human Rights Ombudsman of BiH highlights the extremely difficult working conditions of journalists in Bosnia and Herzegovina and recommends possible ways to tackle the problems that range from serious economic difficulties to attacks and online harassment

Slovakia: Damages in Civil Defamation Cases. Analysis and Trends - Reports

Defamation or freedom of expression? This report examines a selection of judicial decisions taken by the Courts of the Slovak Republic

Judicial practice on Media Freedom in Russia: the role of the Supreme Court - Reports

An overview of the way a Resolution by the Supreme Court has shaped Russian jurisprudence in the areas of media freedom, regulation of online media, rights of journalists, and access to information

The Emotional Toll on Journalists Covering the Refugee Crisis - Reports

An analysis of the psychological issues faced by journalists covering the refugee crisis that peaked in 2015: moral injury emerged as the major psychological challenge confronted by journalists covering the migration crisis