Reports and papers

Analyses on specific aspects related to press and media freedom, performed and published by research centres, non-governmental organizations and public bodies

21st Century Fox/Sky merger inquiry

The 21st Century Fox-Sky merger bid risks decreasing media pluralism in the UK on a number of different dimensions across all news platforms

read more United Kingdom Media ownership Media pluralism

Draft Directive on Copyright in the Digital Single Market: EFJ-IFJ Statement

The European Federation of Journalists and the International Federation of Journalists are concerned about the rampant reproduction and making available of extracts or the entirety of journalists’ and other creators’ works online by third parties without authorization or remuneration

read more Copyright EU Member States Media Law

Strong unions key to winning decent working conditions

A new survey by the International Federation of Journalists (IFJ) shows that unions have helped winning higher pay, saving jobs, and securing new collective agreements over the past twelve months.

read more Worldwide

Macedonia: Indicators for the level of media freedom and journalists' safety

Supported by the European Union, the Association of Journalists of Macedonia has produced a report which intends to assess media freedom throughout three main indicators

read more North Macedonia Safety of journalists Censorship Access to information Media freedom Media ownership Freedom of expression

Information disorder: Toward an interdisciplinary framework for research and policy making

A publication of the Council of Europe which provides a comprehensive conceptual framework and possible solutions to dis-information and mis-information

read more Fake news and disinformation Digitalisation Digital rights Journalism education Media literacy

Junk News and Bots during the German Parliamentary Election: What are German Voters Sharing over Twitter?

The article studies Twitter data on bot activity and junk news using a set of hashtags related to the 2017 German Parliamentary Election

read more Fake news and disinformation Germany Propaganda Social media

The cultural and economic power of advertisers in the business press

A study of the impact of advertising practices on the editorial independence of reporters

read more Media funding Media freedom

The Effects of Mass Surveillance on Journalists’ Relations With Confidential Sources

A qualitative study on the way real or perceived surveillance impacts on the behaviour of journalists and their relationship with sources

read more Privacy Media freedom Whistleblowing Surveillance

Control the money, control the media

An account of the ways governments use funding to keep the media in line

read more Media freedom Media funding Media capture

Defining "Fake News." A Typology of Scholarly Definitions

In the last two decades, the term "fake news" has been used with several different meanings, which fall into six categories. It is possible to map them out according to their reliance on facts and their intention to mislead

read more Fake news and disinformation Propaganda Media funding Worldwide
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