Reports and papers

Analyses on specific aspects related to press and media freedom, performed and published by research centres, non-governmental organizations and public bodies

Professional journalism and self-regulation. New media, old dilemmas in South East Europe and Turkey

This UNESCO report provides an important insight into the evolution, current status and challenges of the effective implementation of media self-regulation systems in South East Europe and Turkey

read more Trust in media Albania Bosnia Herzegovina Montenegro Serbia North Macedonia Turkey Kosovo Western Balkans


Informing communities. Sustaining democracy in the digital age

This report examines the information needs of the 21st century American citizen and proposes 15 public policy recommendations for sustaining democracy in the Digital Age

read more Media literacy Access to information Transparency Local media Worldwide

Independent Study on Indicators for Media Pluralism in the Member States – Towards a Risk-Based Approach

The study was implemented in 2009 with the objective to develop a monitoring tool for assessing risks for media pluralism in the EU Member States and identifying threats to such pluralism

read more EU Member States Media pluralism

Speaking of terror. A survey of the effects of counter-terrorism legislation on freedom of the media in Europe

A survey of the effects of counter-terrorism legislation on freedom of the media in Europe, drafted by David Banisar for the Council of Europe

read more Access to information Censorship Worldwide

How Media and Politics Shape Each Other in the New Europe

In this study, Alina Mungiu-Pippidi gives a fundamental contribution to the theorisation of the media capture phenomenon, exploring “the development of new strategies to control media contents and influence” in the aftermath of the 1989 revolutions

read more Freedom of expression Media freedom Media pluralism Media ownership Media capture

Media accountability systems

This booklet on media accountability systems is written by Professor Claude-Jean Bertrand of French Press Institute, University of Paris. It is a practical list of various tools for media professionals, their outlets and associations, in improving journalistic standards and regaining the trust of the public

read more Trust in media Worldwide

Communication, Power and Counter-power in the Network Society

A landmark analysis by Spanish sociologist Manuel Castells on the relations between media and politics in the frame of new online communication systems

read more Political pressure Social media

SLAPPs: Strategic Lawsuits against Public Participation

This article, published in 1989, originally presented with the additional title “Protecting Property or Intimidating Citizens”, contains the very first academic definition and study of SLAPPs, the lawsuits aimed at silencing freedom of expression

read more SLAPP Freedom of expression Media freedom

The SLAPP from a Sociological Perspective

This paper is authored by one of the two academics who invented the acronym Strategic Lawsuits Against Public Participation. Penelope Canan, Associate Professor of Sociology at the University of Denver studied SLAPPs together with George W. Pring, Professor of Law at the same university, adding a sociological perspective to the legal analysis

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