A gathering storm: the laws being used to silence the media - Reports

A review by Index on Censorship of how laws are being used in Europe to bring actions against journalists

SLAPPs: the Italian Case - Legal Resources

Strategic lawsuits threaten freedom of expression in Italy too: in this analysis, an overview of the situation, the threats, the chilling effect, and the bills currently under discussion in the Italian Parliament

Pay Attention: Legal Issues and Your Media Company - Training

An online course about legal risks run by media outlets and news organization: mistakes happen and legal issues are constantly part of the journalism process

Liability and jurisdictional issues in online defamation cases - Reports

Content published online in one state can produce effects on an unlimited number of persons. An allegedly defamatory statement can therefore be claimed to have produced damage in several states, which may result in complex international legal disputes

Civil Defamation and Media Freedom in Hungary - Reports

A study about legislation and case law after the adoption of a new Civil Code in 2014 which introduced restitution (financial compensation) instead of non-pecuniary damages. How these changes affect journalists and freedom of expression in a system where legislative texts are very succinctly worded

M.L. AND W.W. v. Germany: Recent Developments in Judicial Balancing of Privacy and Free Speech Online - Legal Resources

Recently, ECPMF reported on a ECtHR case concerning the “right to be forgotten” vis-à-vis two convicted criminals. A more in-depth analysis of this case follows, including a look into the question of judicial balancing online

Online harassment of journalists: the trolls attack - Reports

This report by Reporters Without Borders (RSF) deals with online mass harassment of journalists by trolls

First Report of the Interdepartmental Group on the Security of Ireland's Electoral Process and Disinformation - Reports

A report by the Irish Government about the security of elections and referendum in relation with disinformation

Media freedom in Bulgaria - Article

The fourth of a series of thematic itineraries to explore the Resource Centre on Media Freedom through a curated aggregation of contents. The text has been kindly proof-read by Dr. Lada Price from Sheffield Hallam University - CFOM and AEJ - Bulgaria

United Kingdom (England and Wales): Responding to ‘hate speech’ - Reports

The report was produced as part of “Media Against Hate”, a Europe-wide campaign initiated by the European Federation of Journalists and a coalition of civil society organisations