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Journalists’ perspectives on the presence of hate speech in Italian local news media: counter-hate speech strategies and risks - Reports

In this article, Francesca Rizzuto examines how Italian local journalists experience hate speech in the digital environment and how they respond to it. Based on 10 in-depth interviews, the study explores how social media has transformed local news practices and how online hostility affects journalists, both professionally and personally.

Digital surveillance shaping the public sphere. The case of the use of spyware on journalists - Reports

This paper examines how intrusive spyware targeting journalists undermines the public sphere. Through a comparative analysis of Greece, Italy, and Spain, it assesses legal safeguards against surveillance under Article 4 of the European Media Freedom Act. Findings reveal fragmented national frameworks with inadequate journalist protections, generating chilling effects that threaten investigative journalism and democratic accountability across EU member states.

Spywares are a threat to democracy - Article

A new study of spyware attacks on journalists warns Europe: the European Media Freedom Act will not be enough to stop it

E io ti querelo. Una storia della libertà di espressione in dieci processi - Books

"E io ti querelo. Una storia della libertà di espressione in dieci processi" is a book written by Caterina Malavenda and published by Marsilio in 2025, presenting a compelling account of media freedom in contemporary Italy through ten landmark legal cases. Malavenda, a Cassation lawyer specializing in media law, chronicles her career defending journalists and major news outlets in defamation proceedings since moving to Milan in the 1980s.

Information as a Public Good: why media freedom is essential to democracy - Reports

This Legal and Policy Report, authored by Andrea Oleandri and produced within the STRIVE 2026 project supported by the Civil Liberties Union for Europe (Liberties) and the European Union, argues that the quality of a democracy depends on the quality of its information space, and that the traditional framing of press freedom—centred on protecting individual expression from state censorship—is no longer sufficient to guarantee a genuinely free and pluralistic media environment