Reports and papers

Analyses on specific aspects related to press and media freedom, performed and published by research centres, non-governmental organizations and public bodies

MFRR Press Freedom Fact Sheet 2025 - Spyware and surveillance

Fact sheet on spyware abuse, produced by the MFRR consortium based on carefully verified data collected on the MMF platform

read more Europe Media freedom Media pluralism Digital safety

Europe press freedom report. 2024: confronting political pressure, disinformation, and the erosion of media independence

In 2024, press freedom faced threats from war, political interference, surveillance, and AI-driven disinformation, while advocacy efforts pushed for reforms

read more media freedom Media pluralism Safety of journalists

Index of the State of the Press in the Republic of Moldova (ISPM) – 2024

The Index of the State of the Press in the Republic of Moldova (ISPM) is an annual initiative led by the Centrul pentru Jurnalism Independent/Independent Journalism Center (IJC) based in Chisinau, Moldova

read more Moldova Freedom of expression Media freedom Media pluralism Safety of journalists Media ownership

The EU’s Anti-SLAPP Directive: A Partial Victory for Rule of Law Advocacy in Europe

A critical overview of the Directive encompassing its background, development, impacts and shortcomings, highlighting that, although it does constitute a milestone in legal mobilisation, more robust legal frameworks are required on the national level for proper protection against SLAPPs

read more SLAPP Rule of Law Legal harassment legal protection

"A digital prison": surveillance and the supression of civil society in Serbia

The report exposes the systemic use of surveillance technologies by the Serbian government to keep civil society activities under control and intimidate journalists and dissenters

read more Serbia Surveillance Digital rights

CASE SLAPPs report 2024 - SLAPPs in Europe: Mapping Trends and Cases

The latest CASE report analyzing the SLAPP phenomenon in Europe has been published

read more SLAPP Freedom of expression Media freedom Italy

ELI-Mount Scopus European Standards of Judicial Independence

The ELI-Mount Scopus European Standards on Judicial Independence provide 38 guidelines to safeguard judicial independence, ensure impartial courts, and uphold democracy and the rule of law

read more Rule of Law

The Role of Justice Actors Combatting SLAPPs

A webinar co-hosted by the American Bar Association Centre for Human Rights and the UN Special Rapporteur on the independence of judges and lawyers focusing on the role of justice actors – whether prosecutors, judges, lawyers or law firms – in countering or enabling SLAPPs

read more SLAPP Freedom of expression Media freedom

The invisible hand of media censorship in the Balkans

The Balkans face media challenges like political interference, opaque ownership, and disinformation. Weak enforcement of the European Media Freedom Act highlights the need for stronger reforms and support for independent journalism

read more

Media Capture Monitoring Report: Romania - Measuring compliance with the European Media Freedom Act

The International Press Institute (IPI) and the Media and Journalism Research Center (MJRC) have recently published a timely analysis assessing the state of media capture in Romania

read more Romania Media capture Media freedom Media pluralism