Reports and papers

Analyses on specific aspects related to press and media freedom, performed and published by research centres, non-governmental organizations and public bodies

2024 Rule of Law Report - Country Chapter Bulgaria

The report points out a set of challenges to media freedom in the country, including the independence of the media regulator, the management of existing registers for media ownership, the implementation of legal safeguards for economic and political interference and editorial independence, access to public information, and increasing cases of threats of lawsuits and censorship

read more Bulgaria Media freedom Rule of Law



An ever-tightening net: Restrictions on Online Expression in Africa, the Middle East, and Türkiye

The report analyses how cybercrime laws and online content regulations are used to silence dissent, marginalised groups and stifle digital activism

read more media freedom Digital rights

2024 Media Pluralism Monitor: Italy

Monitoring media pluralism in the digital era: application of the media pluralism monitor in the European member states and in candidate countries in 2023.

Country report: Italy

read more Italy Media freedom Media ownership Safety of journalists Freedom of expression

Research on the Pressures on Local Media in Serbia (July 2022 - May 2024)

Published in Serbian, this study is conducted by “Lokal Pres'' and funded by the National Endowment for Democracy. It provides a comprehensive analysis of the pressures faced by local media in Serbia over the period from July 2022 to May 2024

read more Serbia Local media Media freedom Safety of journalists SLAPP

Journo News Monitor: an AI-powered study on Turkey’s new media

A study on news recommendations systems in Turkey that focuses on Google's algorithms and exploits AI solutions for its methodological approach to data analysis.

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Uncovering news deserts in Europe: Risks and opportunities for local and community media in the EU

The research is focused on detecting challenges and opportunities for local and community media and identifying "news deserts" in the 27 EU Member States.

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Media Capture in the Western Balkans: From captured states to captured media

The policy brief produced by Southeast European Leadership for Development and Integrity (SELDI) provides an analytical insight into the mechanisms behind media capture in the Western Balkans countries, as a phenomenon that negatively affects the media landscape in those countries through impairment of media freedom and pluralism. With the region being on track for EU accession, media capture presents a paramount problem that the brief addresses

read more Media capture Media freedom Media pluralism Media ownership Albania Serbia Kosovo Bosnia Herzegovina Montenegro North Macedonia

Global Expression Report 2024

The Global Expression Report (GxR) provides an annual update on the right to free expression and information worldwide

read more Freedom of expression