Soft censorship as a threat to journalism in Montenegro - HTML5 video

Daliborka Uljarevic, Executive Director of Center for Civic Education (CGO), speaks for SEE Media Observatory about the media and soft censorship in Montenegro. In Montenegro, soft censorship is exercised primarily through politicised, discretionary and non-transparent distribution of public money and subsidies to media

Pluralism under attack: the assault on press freedom in Poland - Reports

Poland has recently emerged as a crucial battleground in the attempt by authoritarian-minded leaders to gain control over political discourse and erode media pluralism

Rethinking Hallin and Mancini Beyond the West: An Analysis of Media Systems in Central and Eastern Europe - Academic Sources

This study aims to validate and extend Hallin and Mancini’s framework of comparison to media systems in Central and Eastern Europe

Monitoring Media Pluralism in Europe: Application of the Media Pluralism Monitor 2016 in the European Union, Montenegro and Turkey - Monitoring tool

The 2016 report by the Centre for Media Pluralism and Media Freedom raises significant concern for media pluralism in the 28 European Union member states under examination and in two candidate states, Montenegro and Turkey

Russia’s Double Standard on Dealing with “Fake” News - Legal Resources

The supremacy of the state’s version of events is a vital national interest in Russia. The legislation targets not only those news deemed to be "false" or biased, but also historical narratives. 

Media manipulation and disinformation online - Reports

The report “Media manipulation and disinformation online” explores how Internet subcultures and radicalised groups, including far-right activists in the United States, exploit web opportunities to influence the mainstream media agenda

Hungary: State advertising in media, 2006-2016 Thursday 27 April 2017 - Infographic

European Media Systems Survey - Surveys

The European Media Systems Survey (EMSS) is a regularly repeated academic study that measures differences between national media environments in how they cover politics and public affairs

Freedom House - Freedom of the Press - Indexes

Since 1980, the Freedom of the Press index assesses on an annual basis the degree of print, broadcast, and digital media freedom in 199 countries

Poland: Independence of Public Service Media - Reports

Article 19 and the Polish Helsinki Foundation for Human Rights make light on the worrying trends in the Polish public media